disclaimer: i did not talk to anyone to see if this was correct, i just looked at a lot of conversations in ma pona pi toki pona and thought really hard


li marks the predicate of a sentence, turning the content phrase following it into a predicate.

For given sentence x li y, the x ys. For example, if a jan li pona, the jan ponas. This can mean either y is passively applied to x, or x is actively applying y to an unmentioned object z.

Given that y is applied to x, this can be from:

Alternatively, x applies y to object z; x li y e z. This can mean: